Anti-TPO
Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) - an enzyme involved in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). Catalyzes two reactions: oxidation of inorganic iodine (I-) and binding of iodine tyrosines. Glycosylated transmembrane protein - TPO? Which is located in the apical part of follicular cells, is expressed only in thyrocytes. It is one of the most important thyroid antigens to which it also binds thyroglobulin and TSH receptor (located in the basement membrane of thyroid follicular cells).
The thyroid is a target organ in many autoimmune diseases such as Graves' disease, Thyrotoxicosis and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which lead to hypothyroidism. A characteristic of these diseases is the loss of immunological tolerance to thyroid peroxidase, and specific markers for these diseases are antibodies to thyroid peroxidase.
Determination of ATPO level is the most sensitive test for detecting autoimmune thyroid disease. The ATPO identified 90-95% of patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 80% of patients with Graves' disease, as well as 15-20% of patients with non-autoimmune thyroid disease. Patients with subclinical hypothyroidism and the presence of ATPO risk the detection of hypothyroidism.
During pregnancy, defining the level of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase may help identify women at high risk for postpartum thyroiditis, which occurs in 5-10% of all postpartum women and continues with alternating stages of destructive thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. temporary. For ATPO carriers this risk is about 50%. Determine the levels and to determine ATPO ATTG, together with the evaluation of thyroid function, it is appropriate for the patient before using amiodarone, interferon-type medicine, etc., to make an assessment of the risk of thyroid disease.