HEV IgM
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes an acute, usually self-limited, infection. This small, non-enveloped RNA virus is from animal reservoirs (eg, hogs) and is transmitted to humans via the fecal-oral route. HEV is endemic in Southeast and Central Asia, with several outbreaks observed in the Middle East, northern and western parts of Africa, and Mexico. In developed countries, HEV infection occurs mainly in individuals who have traveled to disease-endemic areas. Transmission of HEV may also occur rarely from direct person-to-person contact or transfusion of blood or blood products. Clinically severe cases occur in young to middle-aged adults. Unusually high mortality (approximately 20%) occurs in patients infected during the third trimester of pregnancy. Although there is no carrier state associated with HEV, immunocompromised patients may have prolonged periods (eg, months) of viremia and virus shedding in the stool.